EXISTENTIALISM ACCORDING TO FRENCH PHILOSOPHY AND LITERATURE
Dëfrim SALIU, Shejnaze AJDINI-MURTEZI, Besa SALIU
Abstract
In the first years after the Second World War in the countries of Western Europe, primarily in France, the philosophical and literary movement - existentialism - began to expand and spread rapidly. This movement directly marks its successes and greatest popularity at this time. Today, existentialism is undoubtedly one of the most widespread philosophical and literary trends that exerted a great influence on scientific circles, in the field of philosophy and literature.
When discussing the issues of existentialist philosophy, the socio-historical conditions that enabled the emergence and development of this philosophy in the West are highlighted. Existentialism in intellectual philosophical and literary circles in the West was fashionable and in a way expressed the agitation of the ideologists of this society towards the democratic forces that had developed. This philosophy, for its own interests, is individualistic and has a pessimistic content. Thus, the existentialist seeks in every way a way out of his own life situation. The only way out of this situation he sees in absolute freedom. But, if the existence of the material world and objective-social laws is accepted, that freedom is incomprehensible. For this reason, existentialists abandon materialism in the name of phenomenological materialism and rationalism in the name of irrationalism.
Pages: 14 - 18