MIGRATION FLOWS AND MOBILITY: ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ANALYSIS
Paolo IAFRATE
Abstract
In recent decades, immigration and the labor market have become a priority for the EU, which has adopted a series of migration control policies and instruments, such as the Schengen Agreement, the European Border and Coast Guard Agency ( Frontex ), and readmission and cooperation agreements with migrants “countries of origin and transit. Furthermore, the EU has introduced a series of directives and regulations to harmonize Member States” immigration and asylum policies and promote the free movement of workers and citizens within the Schengen area. However, the EU's approach to immigration and labor market management has sparked controversy and debate over its effectiveness, proportionality, and respect for migrants' human rights The concept of nation, which is not identified with nationalism and sovereignty, contrary to the provisions of the Republican Constitution, remains fruitful as a basis for ensuring internal cohesion, but without closing itself off to international collaboration to manage epochal phenomena that exceed the capacity of a single state to intervene. The increase in the number of foreigners between 2000 and 2010 highlighted the need for structural inclusion policies and effective management of migration flows, which was not always guaranteed by the measures adopted. In this regard, the Lazio Region, and more specifically the city of Rome, is an important migration hub, characterised by strong economic attractiveness and an increase in cultural and religious pluralism.The study proposes a holistic approach to sustainable migration, based on a combination of active labor policies, education, international cooperation, and human rights protection. In conclusion, the research argues for an integrated model of migration governance capable of combining security, solidarity, and social inclusion, promoting safe, orderly, and regular migration in compliance with the fundamental principles of the European Union.
Pages: 41 - 50