THE GENETIC BASIS OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS

Hesat ALIU, Qëndresa LUMA, Elmedina ADEMI

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a long term used to describe people who have a special neurodevelopmental condition, that causes hardships in their social abilities, communication, and behaviors. Since 1977 when it was first discovered that genes contribute to the manifestation of this heterogeneous condition, the epicenter of a lot of research has been and still is the discovery of that basis that contributes to the manifestation of Autism. Over the past decade, genomic technologies have enabled rapid progress in the identification of risk genes for ASD. In our country, there is still indecision as to what the causes that affect Autism, and the purpose of this paper is to document that, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has a strong and complex genetic component, with multiple familial inheritance patterns and an estimated of up to 100 genes potentially implicated. The realization of this research is based on the quantitative method, through questionnaires made for the parents of children diagnosed with ASD, and the literature survey method through which we’ve used topic, scientific and professional research in the genetics field.

Pages: 513 - 522