COMPARATIVE OVERVIEW OF THE NUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES AT RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) LANDRACES HULLED AND UNHUSKED GRAINS (PARBOILED)

Nora LIMANI BEKTASHI, Suzana JORDANOVSKA, Drita ABAZI BAJRAMI, Gazmend ISENI

Abstract

Dietary regimens that are part of everyday life and habits of modern life require the inclusion of cereals with the highest percentage of vegetable fiber. Long-term digestion allows for a longer period of satiety with sufficient nutrition of the intestinal microflora, for which plant fibers are prebiotic. A hulled grain diet means the rapid utilization of carbohydrates, the rapid feeling of hunger, and insufficient energy until the next meal, and elevation of glycemia in the blood. Rice is daily present in the human diet and its inclusion should be as unhusked (parboiled) due to vegetable fibers and a balanced meal. This research includes 10 landraces from the surroundings of the largest rice-producing region of Kochani, collected from 2020-2022 from local producers. Laboratory analyses have shown significant differences in the nutritional properties of hulled and unhusked rice. Hygroscopic moisture was measured 30 days after harvest and ranged from 14.43-16.40% in hulled rice grains, where starch content was high at 62.57-73.65%, plant fiber from 2.6 to 3.06%, and total organic matter ranged from 89.99-92.19 %. In unhusked rice grains, the hygroscopic moisture is represented from 13.23 to 15.82 %, the starch significantly less compared to the hulled grains 59.23-66.29 %, and the organic matter from 84.49 to 94.35 %. Proteins are represented from 11.70 to 13.40 % and together with fats (0.4-0.9 %) were examined only in unhusked rice grains, because their content is unchanged and does not depend on the representation of vegetable fibers. The total mineral component is presented as ash, which is a higher content of 10.01 % found in the husked rice compared to the unhusked 7.64 %. According to the obtained results, it is recommended to use unhusked rice in the diet, especially during periods when antibiotics are taken, as well as in people who have "lazy" intestines.

Pages: 565 - 572