IMPACT OF DYSLIPIDEMIA ON CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN WOMEN (REVIEW)
Klara HYSENAJ, Rezarta STENA, Shpetim QYRA, Blerina BANI
Abstract
Introduction:The increase in the level of lipids in the blood is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (due to atherosclerosis and thrombosis) increasing premature morbidity, disability, financial cost and mortality, not only in the EU and the USA, but also in countries developing worldwide. It has been proven that lipid disorders promote the development of atherosclerosis and its clinical consequences such as CVD including (coronary heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, peripheral artery disease, heart failure and sudden death). Combinations of lipoprotein levels and lipid fractions play a major risk role in terms of coronary heart diseases.
Purpose: Evidence of dyslipidemia as a risk factor for CVD, especially in obese women who suffer from metabolic syndrome or diabetes and have lipid profiles that negatively affect the risk of coronary heart disease. Methodology: International literature review in PubMed, CINAHL, Am J Cardiology, Int J Public Health; in accordance with the purpose and objectives of the study.
Result: Coronary heart diseases are the leading cause of death among women and men although they are less common and appear later in women than in men. Each year 345,000 women suffer from an initial or recurrent myocardial infarction, and 261,000 women die from MI. Compared to men, women, and especially women in the postmenopausal period, remain at high risk for coronary disease. In women, calcification occurs 10 to 15 years later. Multiple angiographic studies of coronary arteries have shown a lower rate of epicardial coronary artery disease in women than in age-matched men. Elevated levels of Lp (a) appear to be more associated with the occurrence of coronary heart disease than with the severity of coronary artery disease in both sexes. Outcome data in women using lipid-lowering medications other than statins are extremely limited.
Conclusion: The importance of a healthy lifestyle should begin in childhood and continue throughout life. Although the benefits of lipid-lowering therapy in women with cardiovascular disease are clear, more data are needed in those without cardiovascular disease. Clinical trials for lipid-lowering women with cardiovascular disease to date have used a strategy focused on lowering LDL-cholesterol, which may not be optimal for women who have low HDL-cholesterol or triglyceride levels. which are very important factors affecting coronary heart disease. It remains to be determined whether outcomes among women will improve if treatment strategies are directed toward more aggressive and comprehensive modification of lipoprotein profiles.
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170 - 181