MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ANAEROBIC INFECTIONS IN THE MAXILLOFACIAL REGION
Arbëresha BEXHETI FERATI, Kenan FERATI, Jeta BEXHETI FERATI, Armend REXHEPI , Amar FERATI
Abstract
The maxillofacial region is a very delicate region due to the possible anaerobic infections that may occur in this region, these infections are challenging and often tend to be lethal due to their polymicrobial origin and their tendency to progress into vital anatomical regions.
The etiological aspect of these anaerobic infections often tend to be the opportunistic oral bacteria contained within the normal flora; in some particular cases when combined with
other oral pathologies such as: periodontopathies, conditions of immunosuppression, surgery, or dental injury, whereas, lead to abscesses, cellulitis, osteomyelitis, and spread into the fascial as well as mediastinal regions. Rapid detection supported with present laboratory methodology including anaerobic culturing as well as molecular examination, is necessary to enable effective antibiotic therapy and to prevent severe complications.
This paper reviews and analyzes the literature of the past 25 years, from year 2000 until the year 2025, in order to condense evidence about the microbiological causes, clinical representations, diagnosis, and treatment for maxillofacial infections. It is also enhanced with a clinical case about a complex odontogenic abscess to better strengthen the value of the ongoing laboratory analysis, precise antibiotic therapy, and applicable surgery.
It also emphasizes a multidisciplinary practice where cooperation among maxillofacial surgeons, infectious disease specialists, and microbiological laboratories is necessary to achieve excellence.
The scientific literature and commentary on clinical cases highlight the importance of an integrated treatment strategy, specific to individual predispositions of the patient and supported by intensive clinical and laboratory monitoring, as a prerequisite to infection control, forestalling grave complications, and rapid complete recovery for the patient. It
contributes relevant information to clinical practice, deepening knowledge about management of anaerobic infections in the maxillofacial area with a stress on the pivotal importance of an early diagnosis concomitant to a multidisciplinary treatment strategy.
Pages: 67 - 73