CORRELATION BETWEEN BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND THE CYTOLOGY OF URINE SEDIMENT SMEARS STAINED BY GIEMSA METHODS

Adelina ELEZI, Learta ASANI VELIU, Albulena BEADINI, Albin BEADINI

Abstract

Objective: Urine is a body fluid consisting of approximately 95% water and approximately 5% of urea, creatinine, uric acid, phosphate, and other compounds. Urine and urine tests are the main biomarkers of urinary tract infections. It is widely used for the diagnosis of a range of health conditions in an individual or group. Despite many attempts to develop another test with greater sensitivity and specificity, cytology remains one of the best (i.e., inexpensive, quick, and reliable) ways to diagnose a variety of bladder lesions, most importantly high-grade urothelial cancer. Material and Methods: We evaluated voided urine collection (50 ml) from 320 urine samples patients. After collection, a 20 ml of each urine samples were submitted to biochemical chemometric analysis using an automated analytical spectrophotometric equipment Urine analysis were performed by collecting urine in sterile cups and using the urine microscopy method and urine strip test using the chromatographic method, where these analyzes were performed according to the European standards manual. From each patient was extracted a 30 ml urine which was centrifuged and then stained with Giemsa method. The cytological findings were classified using the Paris system for reporting urine cytology. Results: The mean age of total patient analyzed was 20-85 years, where the number of male patients was 15 and female patients 25. Pregnant patients were excluded from this study. After collecting the biochemical and cytological results we found that the large number of patients had inflammatory changes in cytology which were confirmed with biochemical analysis. From a total of 20 smears we did not find any atypical urothelial cell in the smears. Discussion: In the study, urine sediment cytology was easily performed and showed a good overall accuracy. The agreement with urinary biochemical analysis was good.

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