SYNCRETIZATION OF CASES IN ALBANIAN AND LATIN

Shejnaze AJDINI-MURTEZI, Hidajete AZIZI

Abstract

Despite the changes that have occurred as a result of the internal development of the Albanian and Latin languages over the centuries, they have retained many common features of the ancient Indo-European language. This paper which is based on the principles of the contrast method presents an attempt to analyze them and compare the case forms in Albanian and Latin, respectively the impact of the phenomenon of case syncretization in order to notice the similarities and differences between these two languages. In this way we will see the state of each language by clearly defining the characteristics inherited from the Indo-European language as well as the changes that characterize these two languages in terms of the number of cases and the phenome of syncretization of several cases. Indo-European had a case system meaning eight cases, preserved in the Sanskrit language. The number of cases in Albanian and compared to those of the Indo-European language, has decreased, so that the Albanian language also has five cases: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative and ablative, while the Latin language has six: cases: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, vocative and ablative. Although syncretize has affected all languages at all stages of their development, both those which have reduced the number of cases and those witch have preserved the case system the most, its influence is not the same everywhere. Based on this finding, the paper in question will highlight data about on how much and how syncretization has influenced the reduction of cases in the respective languages compared to the old case system of the Indo-European language, as well as which cases have undergone the process of syncretization in Albanian and which in Latin.

Pages: 168 - 175